The Hindu philosophy is the longest surviving philosophy with several historical stages.

The various schools of philosophy had different approaches to reality but they considered the Vedas as the authoritative and believed in the permanent individual self, Atman.

Most of them also agreed on two or three sources of knowledge such as the perception, the inference and the verbal testimony.

There was a need for the precision of the language due to the various philosophical developments.

Bhartrahari, a great philosopher made a culmination of these efforts through the full articulation of the theory that a sentence as a whole is understood in a sudden act of comprehension.

The most important Hindu philosophical schools are the Sankhya, the Yoga, the Vedanta, the Mimaṃsa, the Nyaya and the Vaiseika.